Geometry
Consistent risers and usable treads should be established from surveyed levels rather than adjusted one step at a time.
Steps and level changes need comfortable geometry, reliable foundations, visible edges and drainage that does not send water across the walking line.
Photos, drawings or a short description can help explain the current condition.
Level work is both structural and human. Riser consistency, tread depth, route width, hand support where appropriate and the relationship with retaining elements all affect safety and appearance.
Consistent risers and usable treads should be established from surveyed levels rather than adjusted one step at a time.
Changes in ground level may need walls or slopes designed to manage soil and water pressure.
Material contrast, lighting and clean edges can make routes easier to read, particularly near entrances.
A high isolated step may be uncomfortable or unsafe. The route should be considered as a whole, including landings and door thresholds.
Retaining walls commonly need a way to relieve water pressure. The detail depends on height, construction and ground.
They can, but damp-proof course clearance, air bricks, thresholds and surface-water routes must be protected.
A patio should have proportions that suit the intended furniture, correct falls away from buildings and a build-up appropriate to the paving selected.
Explore patios and pavingA healthy lawn begins with drainage, soil preparation, grading and aftercare; the turf is the final layer rather than the whole job.
Explore turf and lawn preparationA full garden transformation should solve layout, level, access and drainage problems before adding the materials and planting that provide character.
Explore garden transformationsPreparation, retaining and drainage can sit beneath the visible garden finish.
Doors, thresholds and external levels determine how new rooms connect to the garden.
Explain the current condition and what is already known about geometry.